Machine Learning-driven Prioritization of Adoption Drivers and Constraints in Agro-climatic Zone-specific Integrated Farming Systems

Authors

  • Avijit Haldar Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR-Agricultural Technology Application Research Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal (700 097), India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0770-3983
  • Dipankar Ghorai Soil Science Division, Burdwan Krishi Vigyan Kendra, ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute & Allied Fibres, Bud Bud, Purba Bardhaman, West Bengal (713 403), India
  • Satyendra Nath Mandal Dept. of Information Technology, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal (741 235), India
  • Prasenjit Pal Division of Fisheries Economics, Extension and Statistics, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Andheri (West), Mumbai, Maharashtra (400 061), India
  • Upama Das Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR-Agricultural Technology Application Research Institute, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Kolkata, West Bengal (700 097), India
  • Swagat Ghosh Fisheries Division, Sasya Shyamala Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational and Research Institute, South 24 Parganas, Kolkata, West Bengal (700 150), India
  • Srabani Das Dept. of Horticulture, Jhargram Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Regional Research Station, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Jhargram, West Bengal (721 507), India
  • Rakesh Roy Dept. of Animal Science, Malda Krishi Vigyan Kendra, UBKV, Ratua, Malda, West Bengal (732 205), India
  • Rahul Deb Mukherjee Dept. of Animal Science, Coochbehar Krishi Vigyan Kendra, UBKV, Pundibari, Coochbehar, West Bengal (736 165), India
  • Prasanta Chatterjee Dept. of Fisheries, Ramkrishna Ashram Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Nimpith, South 24 Parganas, West Bengal (743 338), India
  • Pranab Barma Dept. of Plant Protection, Darjeeling Krishi Vigyan Kendra, UBKV, Kalimpong, West Bengal (734 301), India
  • Moutusi Dey Dept. of Horticulture, Uttar Dinajpur Krishi Vigyan Kendra, UBKV, Chopra, Uttar Dinajpur, West Bengal (733 207), India
  • Moumita Dey Gupta Dept. of Agriculture Extension, Bankura Krishi Vigyan Kendra, West Bengal Comprehensive Area Development Corporation, Sonamukhi, Bankura, West Bengal (722 207), India
  • Manas Kumar Das Dept. of Animal Science, Jalpaiguri Krishi Vigyan Kendra, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Ramshai, Jalpaiguri, West Bengal (735 219), India
  • Malay Kumar Samanta Dept. of Horticulture, Nadia Krishi Vigyan Kendra, BCKV, Gayeshpur, Nadia, West Bengal (741 234), India
  • Madhuchhanda Khan Dept. of Animal Science, Rathindra Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Palli Siksha Bhavana, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan, Birbhum, West Bengal (731 236), India
  • Kunal Roy Dept. of Information Technology, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal (741 235), India
  • Kaushik Pal Dept. of Animal Science, North 24 Parganas Krishi Vigyan Kendra, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Ashokenagar, North 24 Parganas, West Bengal (743 223), India
  • Dhiman Mahato Dept. of Agriculture Engineering, Kalyan Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Jahajpur, Biltora, Purulia, West Bengal (723 126), India
  • Biswajit Goswami Dept. of Fisheries, Dakshin Dinajpur Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Majhian, Patiram, Dakshin Dinajpur, West Bengal (733 133), India
  • Arkaprabha Shee Dept. of Animal Science, Dhaanyaganga Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ramakrishna Mission Ashrama, Sargachhi Ashrama, Murshidabad, West Bengal (742 408), India
  • Rupak Goswami Dept. of Agriculture Extension, School of Agriculture and Rural Development, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational and Research Institute, Narendrapur Campus, South 24 Parganas, West Bengal (700 103), India
  • Sanjit Maiti Dairy Extension Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana (132 001), India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.23910/1.2026.6850

Keywords:

IFS, West Bengal, machine learning, SWOC–TOPSIS, decision-making, policy

Abstract

The experiment was conducted during the month of April to November in 2022 to study integrated farming systems (IFSs) in West Bengal. IFSs offered holistic solutions to food security, resource efficiency, and rural livelihoods, yet adoption remained limited in India due to socio-economic, ecological, and institutional barriers. A significant gap existed in empirical evidence regarding the relative importance of the enabling and constraining factors influencing the adoption and scalability of IFS in the Indian context. This study aimed to bridge that gap by identifying and ranking key factors influencing the adoption of IFSs in Eastern India.  A multi-stage sampling approach was used to select 60 farmers practicing IFS for data collection across six agro-climatic zones (ACZs) in West Bengal, India from April to November in 2022. This study identified and ranked key factors, based on relative closeness values (ranging from 0 to 1), influencing IFS adoption in West Bengal through a SWOC (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Challenges)– TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) analysis, a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) method grounded in machine learning principles. Zone-specific insights revealed strengths and/ or opportunities like women’s participation, income enhancement, farm production improvement, sustainable livelihood security, and scope of organic farming, alongside major weaknesses and challenges like intensive water requirement, higher labour engagement, greater capital start-up cost, natural calamities, and market volatility. The integrated methodology presented a replicable model for contextual planning and informed decision-making in West Bengal and similar agro-climatic regions across India and beyond. 

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Published

2026-02-26

How to Cite

1.
Haldar A, Ghorai D, Mandal SN, Pal P, Das U, Ghosh S, et al. Machine Learning-driven Prioritization of Adoption Drivers and Constraints in Agro-climatic Zone-specific Integrated Farming Systems. IJBSM [Internet]. 2026 Feb. 26 [cited 2026 Jul. 18];17(Feb, 2):01-13. Available from: https://ojs.pphouse.org/index.php/IJBSM/article/view/6850

Issue

Vol. 17 No. Feb, 2 (2026)

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2026 Avijit Haldar, Dipankar Ghorai, Satyendra Nath Mandal, Prasenjit Pal, Upama Das, Swagat Ghosh, Srabani Das, Rakesh Roy, Rahul Deb Mukherjee, Prasanta Chatterjee, Pranab Barma, Moutusi Dey, Moumita Dey Gupta, Manas Kumar Das, Malay Kumar Samanta, Madhuchhanda Khan, Kunal Roy, Kaushik Pal, Dhiman Mahato, Biswajit Goswami, Arkaprabha Shee, Rupak Goswami, Sanjit Maiti

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