Successful Management of Prepartum Vaginal Prolapse in a Goat: A Case Report

Abstract

The present case study was conducted on 24 October, 2024 at the Referral Veterinary Polyclinic, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI),  aimed to document the clinical presentation, diagnostic approach, and effectiveness of conservative therapeutic management of prepartum vaginal prolapse in a doe under field conditions.  Prepartum vaginal prolapse observed in the present doe during mid-gestation posed a potential risk to maternal stability and fetal viability if not managed promptly.The present case described a two year old doe presented with recurrent prolapse, primarily during urination and recumbency, at approximately 4.5 months of gestation in its second parity. The animal was maintained under field conditions and had no prior history of systemic illness or reproductive complications. Clinical examination revealed swollen vulval lips and protrusion of vaginal tissue, while per-vaginal examination indicated a relaxed birth canal with a closed external os, suggesting that parturition was not imminent. Transabdominal palpation and Doppler ultrasonography confirmed advanced pregnancy with two viable fetuses exhibiting normal cardiac activity. Hematological and biochemical parameters, including calcium, liver, and kidney profiles, were within normal physiological limits, ruling out metabolic causes. Based on clinical and diagnostic findings, the condition was identified as prepartum vaginal prolapse. Management focused on conservative and preventive measures, including anti-inflammatory therapy, topical treatment to reduce straining, and supportive nutritional supplementation, along with managemental modifications to minimize intra-abdominal pressure. Continuous monitoring throughout the prepartum period resulted in successful maintenance of pregnancy, with normal and uncomplicated kidding and no recurrence of prolapse post-parturition.