Climate Smart Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Variety Development for Optimum Moisture Areas of Ethiopia

Gadisa Alemu; Alemu Dabi; Berhanu Sime; Negash Geleta; Abebe Delesa; Habtemariam Zegaye; Ruth Duga; Cherinet Kasahun; Tamirat Negash; Tafesse Solomon; Demeke Zewdu; Bayisa Asefa; Zerihun Tadesse; Bekele Abeyo; Ayele Badebo; Tilahun Bayisa

doi:10.23910/1.2023.3574

Authors

Gadisa Alemu Ethiopia Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella, Ethiopia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1199-7235
Alemu Dabi Ethiopia Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella, Ethiopia
Berhanu Sime Ethiopia Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella, Ethiopia
Negash Geleta Ethiopia Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella, Ethiopia
Abebe Delesa Ethiopia Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella, Ethiopia
Habtemariam Zegaye Ethiopia Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella, Ethiopia
Ruth Duga Ethiopia Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella, Ethiopia
Cherinet Kasahun Ethiopia Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella, Ethiopia
Tamirat Negash Ethiopia Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella, Ethiopia
Tafesse Solomon Ethiopia Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella, Ethiopia
Demeke Zewdu Ethiopia Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella, Ethiopia
Bayisa Asefa Ethiopia Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella, Ethiopia
Zerihun Tadesse Ethiopia Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella, Ethiopia
Bekele Abeyo CIMMYT, P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Ayele Badebo CIMMYT, P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Tilahun Bayisa Sinana Agricultural Research Center, Bale, Ethiopia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.23910/1.2023.3574

Keywords:

AMMI, bread wheat, environment, genotype, GGE, grain yield

Abstract

A study was undertaken during the 2017–18 to 2018–19 cropping seasons at at eleven locations and/or seventeen environments in optimum moisture areas of Ethiopian to identify stable genotypes with high grain yield and release as a variety for optimum-moisture environments. Alpha-lattice design with three replications was used. The combined ANOVA revealed very highly significant differences (p≤0.001) among genotypes, environments, and GEI for yield and its components. The environment sum of squares contributed more than the genotype and GEI sum of squares for the total variance of all traits. When we consider the overall mean for grain yield, genotype ETBW8751 (5.12 t ha^-1) the highest value followed by ETBW9554 (5.10 t ha^-1) whereas the lowest grain yield was obtained from the genotype ETBW8804 (3.67 t ha^-1). GGE and AMMI analysis explained almost similar amounts of variation; however, AMMI still show a slightly greater proportion than GGE during our study. According to AMMI and GGE analysis genotype 21 (ETBW9553) was more stable as well as high yielding followed by 22 (ETBW9554) and 2 (ETBW8751. Conversely, 15 (ETBW9547) was unstable, but high yielding. Hidasse had low yields but was unstable. ETBW9554 was validated on farmers’ fields and recommended for registration as a commercial variety and finally released in 2020 with its designated local name “Boru” for commercial production for mid to highland agro-ecologies in Ethiopia.