Assessment of the Genetic Diversity of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Using SSR Markers

Authors

  • Rajeshvari I. Rathava Dept. of Biotechnology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat (362 001), India https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8169-9010
  • Sangh Chandramohan ICAR-Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat (362 001), India
  • H. P. Gajera Dept. of Biotechnology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat (362 001), India
  • S. B. Bhatt Dept. of Biotechnology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat (362 001), India
  • M. S. Shitap Dept. of Statistics, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat (362 001), India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.23910/1.2025.6013

Keywords:

Genetic diversity, molecular marker, groundnut, population structure, heterozygous

Abstract

The experiment was conducted during the kharif-2021 season (June–October, 2021) at the ICAR-Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, Gujarat, India, to assess genetic diversity in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers. The study revealed significant genetic variation, which was crucial for effective breeding and conservation strategies. Across markers, 2 to 10 alleles were identified, with an average of 4.63 alleles per marker, indicating a broad genetic base. Among the genotypes, DGR_D1 exhibited the highest genetic diversity (0.8425) and Shannon information index (1.983), making it valuable for enhancing variability in breeding programs. In contrast, DGR_D73 showed the lowest diversity (0.1017) but recorded the highest major allele frequency (0.9462), indicating limited variability. Heterozygosity ranged from 0 to 1, with DGR_D46 achieving the maximum observed heterozygosity (1.0), reflecting its genetic uniqueness.Regional analysis revealed significant patterns of genetic differentiation. Punjab and Haryana exhibited the greatest differentiation, suggesting high variability between these regions, while Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu populations were genetically similar, reflecting limited regional variation. These findings underscored the effectiveness of SSR markers in assessing genetic diversity and guiding breeding efforts. By identifying genetically diverse genotypes and understanding regional variations, the study provided a foundation for targeted breeding programs, conservation strategies, and the improvement of groundnut resilience, ultimately contributing to enhanced productivity and sustainable cultivation.

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Published

2025-06-23

How to Cite

1.
Rathava RI, Chandramohan S, Gajera HP, Bhatt SB, Shitap MS. Assessment of the Genetic Diversity of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Using SSR Markers. IJBSM [Internet]. 2025 Jun. 23 [cited 2025 Sep. 20];16(Jun, 6):01-8. Available from: https://ojs.pphouse.org/index.php/IJBSM/article/view/6013

Issue

Vol. 16 No. Jun, 6 (2025)

Section

Articles

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Copyright (c) 2025 Rajeshvari I. Rathava, Sangh Chandramohan, H. P. Gajera, S. B. Bhatt, M. S. Shitap

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