An Economic Evaluation of Maize–Mustard Cropping System in Response to the Complementary Influence of Organic and Inorganic Source of Nutrients

Authors

  • P. M. Rao Dept. of Agronomy, Agricultural Research station, Karimnagar, PJTAU, Telangana (505 001), India
  • G. E. C. H. Vidya Sagar Dept. of Agronomy, PJTAU, Hyderabad, Telangana (500 030), India
  • K. Suresh Dept. of Agronomy, Water Technology Centre, PJTAU, Hyderabad, Telangana (500 030), India
  • G. Padmaja Dept. of Soil science, PJTAU, Hyderabad, Telangana (500 030), India
  • S. Narender Reddy Dept. of Crop Physiology, PJTAU, Hyderabad, Telangana (500 030), India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.23910/2/2026.6923

Keywords:

Maize, mustard, INM, productivity, profitability, biofertilizers, sustainability, economics

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted during kharif, 2018 and 2019 and rabi 2018–19 and 2019–20 at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Polasa, Jagtial, to evaluate the effect of integrated nutrient management (INM) practices on yield attributes, yield, and economics of maize in a maize–mustard cropping system. The experiment on maize during kharif was laid out in a randomized block design with nine treatments and three replications. The treatments included N₁: 100% recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF);N₂:75% recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN)+25% N through farmyard manure (FYM); N₃:75% RDN+25% N through vermicompost; N₄: 75% RDN+25% N through poultry manure; N₅: 75% RDN+25% N through sheep manure; N₆: 75% RDN+25% N through neem cake; N₇: 75% RDN+Azotobacter at 5 kg ha-1; N₈: 75% RDN+Azospirillum at 5 kg ha-1; and N₉: 75% RDN+Azotobacter at 2.5 kg ha-1+Azospirillum at 2.5 kg ha-1. Each main plot was further subdivided into four subplots during the rabi season to accommodate mustard treatments under a split-plot arrangement. The fertilizer treatments imposed on mustard included F₁: 0:0:0 kg ha-1 N:P:K (control); F₂: 30:20:20 kg ha-1 NPK (50% RDF); F₃: 45:30:30 kg ha-1 NPK (75% RDF); and F₄: 60:40:40 kg ha-1 NPK (100% RDF). Recommended agronomic practices were followed for both crops throughout the experiment. The study evaluated the effect of organic, inorganic, and biofertilizer sources on productivity and profitability of the maize–mustard system. Economic parameters including gross returns, net returns, and benefit–cost ratio were calculated to assess feasibility of nutrient management practices. The findings highlighted sustainable nutrient management strategies for improving maize-based cropping systems.

Downloads

Published

30-07-2026

How to Cite

Rao, P. M., Sagar, G. E. C. H. V., Suresh, K., Padmaja, G., & Reddy, S. N. (2026). An Economic Evaluation of Maize–Mustard Cropping System in Response to the Complementary Influence of Organic and Inorganic Source of Nutrients. International Journal of Economic Plants, 13(July, 4), 01–10. https://doi.org/10.23910/2/2026.6923

Issue

Vol. 13 No. July, 4 (2026)

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2026 PP House

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Articles published are made available as open access articles, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Creative Commons License

This journal permits and encourages authors to share their submitted versions (preprints), accepted versions (postprints) and/or published versions (publisher versions) freely under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license while providing bibliographic details that credit, if applicable.