Influence of Bio-fertilizers and Inorganic Nutrient Levels on Growth and Yield of Garlic under Hill Agro-ecosystems of Uttarakhand

Authors

  • Bijeta Directorate of Extension Education, KVK, Dehradun, GBPUAT, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand (248 142), India
  • A. K. Sharma Directorate of Extension Education, KVK, Dehradun, GBPUAT, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand (248 142), India
  • Renu Directorate of Extension Education, KVK, Haridwar, GBPUAT, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand (247 667), India
  • Ashok K. Thakur Dept. of Seed Science and Technology, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, H.P. (173 230), India
  • Hina Kausar Directorate of Extension Education, KVK, Chamoli, GBPUAT, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand (246 441), India
  • Kiran Pant Directorate of Extension Education, KVK, Dehradun, GBPUAT, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand (248 142), India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.23910/2/2026.7103

Keywords:

Garlic, inorganic fertilizers, bio-fertilizers, growth, yield, PSB, azotobacter, NPK

Abstract

An experiment was conducted during rabi (October, 2022–February, 2023)  in Chamoli district of Uttarakhand to study the combined effect of bio-fertilizers viz., phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and Azotobacter with different levels of NPK fertilizers (0, 50, 75 and 100 % NPK) on plant growth and bulb yield of garlic cv. ‘Agrifound Parvati’. The application of bio-fertilizers either alone or in combination resulted in significant improvement in different growth parameters, yield parameters, bulb yield and benefit cost ratio. NPK fertilizers also significantly increased all the growth and yield parameters along with bulb yield with each incremental level of NPK. Significantly higher values were obtained with the application of 75% recommended dose of NPK with seed treatment with Azotobacter and PSB. Seed treatment with biofertilizers showed positive results for all the parameters. However, PSB and Azotobacter were more effective when applied along with 75% NPK. The interaction effects showed that bulb yield and benefit cost ratio increased in a linear manner with the application of bio-inoculants integrated with increasing levels of NPK fertilizers. The highest yield (128.13 q ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (3.37) was recorded when the plots were supplemented with 75% NPK+clove treatment of both the inoculants. From this trial it can, therefore, be concluded that for sustainable production of garlic, application of 75% dose of inorganic fertilizer (NPK) coupled with inoculation of PSB and azotobacter can enhance yield and profitability of garlic.

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Published

25-06-2026

How to Cite

Bijeta, Sharma, A. K., Renu, Thakur, A. K., Kausar, H., & Pant, K. (2026). Influence of Bio-fertilizers and Inorganic Nutrient Levels on Growth and Yield of Garlic under Hill Agro-ecosystems of Uttarakhand. International Journal of Economic Plants, 13(July, 4), 01–06. https://doi.org/10.23910/2/2026.7103

Issue

Vol. 13 No. July, 4 (2026)

Section

Articles

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Copyright (c) 2026 PP House

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